Article

ACTIVE PHASED ARRAY ANTENNA WITH PARALLEL FEEDER EXCITATION AT 3.7 GHZ

Abstract

The Earth's population has grown from a hyperbolic rate to a slower one, reaching 8.04 billion in 2023. The growth rate has dropped from 2% to 0.84% per year, due to lower birthrates, COVID-19, urbanization and income levels. The number of elderly people has surpassed the number of young children. The text discusses how the increasing and aging population requires better health care and diagnosis, which can be achieved by using modern technologies like the Internet of Things, smart city, and 5G. This causes an increase in the level of electromagnetic radiation, which is concerning because of the electromagnetic sensitivity of medical devices and systems. This article discusses how electromagnetic interference (EMI) affect medical devices and systems in hospitals and healthcare environments. It explains what EMI are, how it can cause problems for medical devices and systems such as pacemakers, defibrillators, neurostimulators, etc., what are the main sources of EMI such as emergency radios, diathermy, mobile phones, RFID devices, electromagnets, etc., and how to prevent or minimize such risks. Discusses 5G mobile communication, which is becoming increasingly popular, especially the n77 3.7 GHz 5G band as reported by Opensignal recently. However, in urban settings, especially in the medical campus area, a major challenge is the level of electromagnetic interference, which can adversely affect the performance of sensitive medical devices/equipment. The use of the proposed antenna array can help to reduce these challenges by using the beam scanning technique. Design a 7-by-7 rectangular array of antenna elements with 0.5*lambda spacing on a PCB using the Phased Array System Toolbox. Align the array normal with the same-parallel direction to create a maximum coverage area in the geographic azimuth, where single antenna element type is dipole antenna element with a reflector.

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